{
  "node": {
    "id": "term:electrolyte-leakage",
    "type": "Term",
    "label": "Electrolyte leakage",
    "properties": {
      "id": "electrolyte-leakage",
      "name": "Electrolyte leakage",
      "aka": [
        "leakage",
        "mass loss",
        "battery leakage",
        "creep leakage"
      ],
      "section": "topic-safety",
      "definition": "Escape of electrolyte from a cell through a seal, vent or damaged case. Alkaline cells leak corrosive potassium hydroxide, especially when exhausted or reverse-charged, while lithium-ion cells leak flammable solvent. UN 38.3 judges it by visible leakage and by mass loss, allowing 0.1–0.5 % depending on the cell’s mass.",
      "related": [
        "vent",
        "transport-regulations",
        "alkaline-cell",
        "electrolyte",
        "altitude-simulation-test"
      ],
      "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/electrolyte-leakage/",
      "mentions": []
    }
  },
  "edges": [
    {
      "id": "edge:belongsTo/term:electrolyte-leakage/topic:topic-safety",
      "source": "term:electrolyte-leakage",
      "target": "topic:topic-safety",
      "type": "belongsTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json"
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    {
      "id": "edge:relatedTo/term:electrolyte-leakage/term:vent",
      "source": "term:electrolyte-leakage",
      "target": "term:vent",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:relatedTo/term:electrolyte-leakage/term:transport-regulations",
      "source": "term:electrolyte-leakage",
      "target": "term:transport-regulations",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:relatedTo/term:electrolyte-leakage/term:alkaline-cell",
      "source": "term:electrolyte-leakage",
      "target": "term:alkaline-cell",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:relatedTo/term:electrolyte-leakage/term:electrolyte",
      "source": "term:electrolyte-leakage",
      "target": "term:electrolyte",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:relatedTo/term:electrolyte-leakage/term:altitude-simulation-test",
      "source": "term:electrolyte-leakage",
      "target": "term:altitude-simulation-test",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    }
  ],
  "neighbors": [
    {
      "id": "topic:topic-safety",
      "type": "Topic",
      "label": "Safety and abuse",
      "properties": {
        "id": "topic-safety",
        "name": "Safety and abuse",
        "lede": "How cells fail dangerously, how that is tested, and what is built in to stop it.",
        "context": "Connect mechanisms with appropriate test evidence.",
        "example": "A low normal-load temperature does not demonstrate thermal-runaway containment.",
        "lesson_url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/fundamentals/battery-aging/",
        "lesson_label": "Open degradation mechanisms"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:vent",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Vent",
      "properties": {
        "id": "vent",
        "name": "Vent",
        "aka": [
          "burst disc",
          "rupture disc"
        ],
        "section": "topic-safety",
        "definition": "A scored area or a membrane in the cell can that opens at a set pressure, around ten to thirty bar for a cylindrical cell, so that gas escapes in a chosen direction instead of the case splitting at random.",
        "related": [
          "venting",
          "can",
          "current-interrupt-device"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/vent/",
        "mentions": [
          "cylindrical-cell"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:transport-regulations",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "UN 38.3",
      "properties": {
        "id": "transport-regulations",
        "name": "UN 38.3",
        "aka": [
          "UN transport test",
          "lithium battery shipping"
        ],
        "section": "topic-standards-vehicle",
        "definition": "The United Nations test sequence that every lithium cell and battery must pass before it can be shipped: altitude, thermal cycling, vibration, shock, external short, impact or crush, overcharge and forced discharge. Air shipment of cells also caps state of charge at 30 %.",
        "related": [
          "shipping-soc",
          "abuse-testing",
          "iec-62133",
          "altitude-simulation-test",
          "un-38-3-test-summary",
          "forced-discharge-test"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/transport-regulations/",
        "mentions": [
          "overcharge",
          "state-of-charge"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:alkaline-cell",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Alkaline cell",
      "properties": {
        "id": "alkaline-cell",
        "name": "Alkaline cell",
        "aka": [
          "zinc–manganese dioxide"
        ],
        "section": "topic-other-chemistries",
        "definition": "The common 1.5 V single-use cell, with a zinc negative electrode and manganese dioxide positive in potassium hydroxide electrolyte. It is the reference point for most people’s idea of a battery, and is not rechargeable.",
        "related": [
          "primary-cell",
          "zinc-air",
          "nominal-voltage",
          "zinc-carbon",
          "nickel-oxyhydroxide-primary",
          "mercury-oxide-cell"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/alkaline-cell/",
        "mentions": [
          "electrode",
          "negative-electrode",
          "electrolyte",
          "manganese"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:electrolyte",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Electrolyte",
      "properties": {
        "id": "electrolyte",
        "name": "Electrolyte",
        "section": "topic-electrolytes",
        "definition": "The ion-conducting medium between the electrodes. In a liquid-electrolyte cell it fills the pores of both electrodes and the separator, so it is not a separate structural layer.",
        "related": [
          "lithium-salt",
          "carbonate-solvent",
          "electrolyte-additive",
          "ionic-conductivity",
          "solid-electrolyte",
          "ionic-liquid-electrolyte"
        ],
        "lesson": "fundamentals/cell-architecture/#electrolyte",
        "example": {
          "title": "Ions and electrons",
          "text": "Electrolyte carries ions between electrodes; the external circuit carries electrons. The two paths serve different roles."
        },
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/electrolyte/",
        "mentions": [
          "separator"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:altitude-simulation-test",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Altitude simulation test",
      "properties": {
        "id": "altitude-simulation-test",
        "name": "Altitude simulation test",
        "aka": [
          "low-pressure test",
          "UN 38.3 T1"
        ],
        "section": "topic-testing",
        "definition": "Storing cells or batteries at low air pressure to show they survive unpressurised air freight without leaking, venting or rupturing. UN 38.3 test T1 holds them at 11.6 kPa or less — the pressure at about 15 000 m — for at least six hours at room temperature.",
        "related": [
          "transport-regulations",
          "thermal-shock-test",
          "vibration-test",
          "venting"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/altitude-simulation-test/",
        "mentions": [
          "room-temperature"
        ]
      }
    }
  ]
}