{
  "node": {
    "id": "term:one-wire",
    "type": "Term",
    "label": "1-Wire",
    "properties": {
      "id": "one-wire",
      "name": "1-Wire",
      "aka": [
        "1-Wire bus",
        "one-wire interface",
        "battery ID chip"
      ],
      "section": "topic-data",
      "definition": "A bus that needs only one data line plus ground, originally from Dallas Semiconductor, in which the data line also powers the small chips on it. Battery packs use it for identification chips that let a charger or host read the pack type and serial number and, in secure parts, an authentication response.",
      "related": [
        "battery-authentication",
        "i2c",
        "smbus",
        "temperature-sensor"
      ],
      "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/one-wire/",
      "mentions": [
        "charger"
      ]
    }
  },
  "edges": [
    {
      "id": "edge:belongsTo/term:one-wire/topic:topic-data",
      "source": "term:one-wire",
      "target": "topic:topic-data",
      "type": "belongsTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:relatedTo/term:one-wire/term:battery-authentication",
      "source": "term:one-wire",
      "target": "term:battery-authentication",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:relatedTo/term:one-wire/term:i2c",
      "source": "term:one-wire",
      "target": "term:i2c",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:relatedTo/term:one-wire/term:smbus",
      "source": "term:one-wire",
      "target": "term:smbus",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:relatedTo/term:one-wire/term:temperature-sensor",
      "source": "term:one-wire",
      "target": "term:temperature-sensor",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:mentions/one-wire/charger",
      "source": "term:one-wire",
      "target": "term:charger",
      "type": "mentions",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "method": "build_glossary.mention_index + mentions",
        "field": "definition",
        "meaning": "Text mention; not a causal claim"
      }
    }
  ],
  "neighbors": [
    {
      "id": "topic:topic-data",
      "type": "Topic",
      "label": "Data, communication and electronics",
      "properties": {
        "id": "topic-data",
        "name": "Data, communication and electronics",
        "lede": "The control units, chips, protocols and file formats through which a battery is measured, controlled and logged.",
        "context": "Separate quantities from encoding and transport.",
        "example": "2500 in a log might mean 25.00 °C, 2.5 V or raw counts. Units and scale must accompany the value.",
        "lesson_url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/fundamentals/battery-basics/",
        "lesson_label": "Open battery basics"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:battery-authentication",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Battery authentication",
      "properties": {
        "id": "battery-authentication",
        "name": "Battery authentication",
        "aka": [
          "authentication IC",
          "counterfeit battery detection",
          "secure battery ID"
        ],
        "section": "topic-pack",
        "definition": "A check by which a host or charger confirms that a battery is genuine before using or charging it: a secure chip in the pack answers a random challenge with a response computed from a secret key, typically with SHA-256 or elliptic-curve cryptography. It keeps clones, with weaker cells and protection, out of phones, tools and medical devices.",
        "related": [
          "one-wire",
          "smbus",
          "fuel-gauge",
          "protection-circuit"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/battery-authentication/",
        "mentions": [
          "charger"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:i2c",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "I²C",
      "properties": {
        "id": "i2c",
        "name": "I²C",
        "aka": [
          "I2C",
          "IIC",
          "inter-integrated circuit",
          "TWI",
          "two-wire interface"
        ],
        "section": "topic-data",
        "definition": "A two-wire serial bus — one clock line and one data line, both pulled up — on which a controller addresses many small chips at 100 kbit/s, 400 kbit/s or faster. Inside a battery pack it links the fuel gauge, protection chip, memory and temperature sensors; SMBus is derived from it with tighter timing rules.",
        "related": [
          "smbus",
          "fuel-gauge",
          "afe",
          "mcu",
          "gpio",
          "pmbus"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/i2c/",
        "mentions": []
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:smbus",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "SMBus",
      "properties": {
        "id": "smbus",
        "name": "SMBus",
        "aka": [
          "System Management Bus"
        ],
        "section": "topic-pack",
        "definition": "The two-wire bus, derived from I²C, over which a laptop or tool battery reports its charge, health and limits to the host and charger. The Smart Battery Data specification defines the register set, so any compliant charger can read it.",
        "related": [
          "bms",
          "fuel-gauge",
          "consumer-electronics",
          "charger",
          "smart-battery-system",
          "i2c"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/smbus/",
        "mentions": []
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:temperature-sensor",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Temperature sensor",
      "properties": {
        "id": "temperature-sensor",
        "name": "Temperature sensor",
        "abbr": "NTC",
        "aka": [
          "thermistor"
        ],
        "section": "topic-thermal",
        "definition": "Usually a negative-temperature-coefficient thermistor glued to a busbar or cell surface, with a few per module. Because sensors read the surface, the hottest point inside a cell can run several degrees higher than the BMS sees.",
        "unit": "°C",
        "related": [
          "bms",
          "thermal-management",
          "operating-temperature",
          "derating",
          "thermocouples-rtds",
          "virtual-temperature-sensor"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/temperature-sensor/",
        "mentions": [
          "busbar"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:charger",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Charger",
      "properties": {
        "id": "charger",
        "name": "Charger",
        "section": "topic-charging",
        "definition": "The power electronics that convert mains or DC supply into the controlled current and voltage a battery needs. For lithium-ion it runs the CC-CV profile within the limits the BMS communicates, and stops rather than floats when the cell is full.",
        "related": [
          "cc-cv-charging",
          "bms",
          "onboard-charger",
          "dc-fast-charging"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/charger/",
        "mentions": []
      }
    }
  ]
}