{
  "node": {
    "id": "term:quiescent-current",
    "type": "Term",
    "label": "Quiescent current",
    "properties": {
      "id": "quiescent-current",
      "name": "Quiescent current",
      "abbr": "Iq",
      "aka": [
        "standby current",
        "parasitic drain",
        "shelf current"
      ],
      "section": "topic-pack",
      "definition": "The current a pack’s own electronics — protection chip, fuel gauge, microcontroller — draw when nothing else is running. A few microamperes is typical in consumer packs; at 100 µA a pack loses about 0.9 Ah a year on top of the cells’ self-discharge, which is why packs leave the factory in ship mode.",
      "unit": "µA",
      "related": [
        "self-discharge",
        "ship-mode",
        "bms-power-modes",
        "protection-circuit",
        "fuel-gauge"
      ],
      "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/quiescent-current/",
      "mentions": [
        "mcu"
      ]
    }
  },
  "edges": [
    {
      "id": "edge:belongsTo/term:quiescent-current/topic:topic-pack",
      "source": "term:quiescent-current",
      "target": "topic:topic-pack",
      "type": "belongsTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:relatedTo/term:quiescent-current/term:self-discharge",
      "source": "term:quiescent-current",
      "target": "term:self-discharge",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:relatedTo/term:quiescent-current/term:ship-mode",
      "source": "term:quiescent-current",
      "target": "term:ship-mode",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:relatedTo/term:quiescent-current/term:bms-power-modes",
      "source": "term:quiescent-current",
      "target": "term:bms-power-modes",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:relatedTo/term:quiescent-current/term:protection-circuit",
      "source": "term:quiescent-current",
      "target": "term:protection-circuit",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:relatedTo/term:quiescent-current/term:fuel-gauge",
      "source": "term:quiescent-current",
      "target": "term:fuel-gauge",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:mentions/quiescent-current/mcu",
      "source": "term:quiescent-current",
      "target": "term:mcu",
      "type": "mentions",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "method": "build_glossary.mention_index + mentions",
        "field": "definition",
        "meaning": "Text mention; not a causal claim"
      }
    }
  ],
  "neighbors": [
    {
      "id": "topic:topic-pack",
      "type": "Topic",
      "label": "Modules, packs and battery management",
      "properties": {
        "id": "topic-pack",
        "name": "Modules, packs and battery management",
        "lede": "From a single cell to a working battery system, and the electronics that keep it safe.",
        "context": "Make series/parallel architecture explicit.",
        "example": "Twelve 3.6 V, 5 Ah cells in 6s2p give 21.6 V, 10 Ah and 216 Wh nominally before other restrictions.",
        "lesson_url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/fundamentals/cell-architecture/",
        "lesson_label": "Open cell architecture"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:self-discharge",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Self-discharge",
      "properties": {
        "id": "self-discharge",
        "name": "Self-discharge",
        "section": "topic-charging",
        "definition": "The slow loss of stored charge while a cell is not in use. An unexpected rise can signal a leakage path or a soft internal short.",
        "unit": "%/month",
        "related": [
          "internal-short-circuit",
          "calendar-aging",
          "k-value",
          "calendar-life",
          "self-discharge-test"
        ],
        "lesson": "fundamentals/battery-aging/#check-yourself",
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/self-discharge/",
        "mentions": [
          "electrolyte-leakage"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:ship-mode",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Ship mode",
      "properties": {
        "id": "ship-mode",
        "name": "Ship mode",
        "aka": [
          "shipping mode",
          "storage mode",
          "shelf mode",
          "transport mode"
        ],
        "section": "topic-pack",
        "definition": "A deep-sleep state in which a pack switches off its own electronics, and often opens its output switch, so that it can sit on a shelf or in a container for months without draining. A charger connection, a button press or a command wakes it; the factory sets it after final test.",
        "related": [
          "quiescent-current",
          "bms-power-modes",
          "shipping-soc",
          "self-discharge"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/ship-mode/",
        "mentions": [
          "charger"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:bms-power-modes",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "BMS power modes",
      "properties": {
        "id": "bms-power-modes",
        "name": "BMS power modes",
        "aka": [
          "sleep mode",
          "active mode",
          "standby mode",
          "wake-up"
        ],
        "section": "topic-data",
        "definition": "The states a BMS moves between to save energy. In active mode it measures, estimates and drives the contactors; asleep it draws microamperes to a few milliamperes from the auxiliary battery and wakes on CAN traffic, ignition, a charger plug or a timer to check cells and balance. Sleep current decides how long a parked vehicle can stand.",
        "related": [
          "bms",
          "auxiliary-battery",
          "can-bus",
          "cell-balancing",
          "self-discharge"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/bms-power-modes/",
        "mentions": [
          "charger"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:protection-circuit",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Protection circuit module",
      "properties": {
        "id": "protection-circuit",
        "name": "Protection circuit module",
        "abbr": "PCM",
        "aka": [
          "protection board",
          "PCB"
        ],
        "section": "topic-pack",
        "definition": "The small circuit on a consumer cell or pack that disconnects it on overvoltage, undervoltage, overcurrent or overtemperature, using MOSFETs as switches. It is the minimum BMS; it protects but does not estimate state or balance.",
        "related": [
          "bms",
          "overcharge",
          "over-discharge",
          "fuel-gauge",
          "secondary-protection",
          "overcurrent-protection"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/protection-circuit/",
        "mentions": []
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:fuel-gauge",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Fuel gauge",
      "properties": {
        "id": "fuel-gauge",
        "name": "Fuel gauge",
        "aka": [
          "gas gauge"
        ],
        "section": "topic-pack",
        "definition": "The single chip in a phone, laptop or power tool that does the BMS’s state-estimation job for one or a few cells: coulomb counting corrected by an OCV model, with impedance tracking in better parts. It reports remaining capacity over SMBus or I²C.",
        "related": [
          "coulomb-counting",
          "state-of-charge",
          "smbus",
          "consumer-electronics",
          "afe",
          "soc-indicator"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/fuel-gauge/",
        "mentions": [
          "coulomb",
          "impedance",
          "open-circuit-voltage",
          "bms"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:mcu",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Microcontroller",
      "properties": {
        "id": "mcu",
        "name": "Microcontroller",
        "abbr": "MCU",
        "section": "topic-data",
        "definition": "The processor that runs BMS firmware: state estimation, protection, balancing decisions and communication. Automotive BMS controllers use safety microcontrollers with lockstep cores and hardware self-tests so they can meet ASIL C or D.",
        "related": [
          "bmu",
          "firmware",
          "functional-safety",
          "fpga",
          "afe"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/mcu/",
        "mentions": [
          "bms",
          "lockstep-core"
        ]
      }
    }
  ]
}